Desarrolla un análisis comparativo de las siguientes características explicando qué ocurría con ellas en la Edad Media y en la Modernidad: Sociedad teocéntrica/sociedad antropocéntrica; postura y actitud ante el conocimiento; vínculo fe/razón; plano del conocimiento/plano ético - moral; criterio de verdad.

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In contemplating the characteristics of society, knowledge, faith, and morality in the Middle Ages and the Modernity, one cannot help but reflect on the profound shifts that have taken place over the course of history. In the Middle Ages, society was firmly rooted in a teocentric worldview, where God was at the center of all existence. The medieval society was characterized by a hierarchical structure, with the Church holding immense power and influence over the lives of individuals. This societal structure was reflected in the way knowledge was approached, with belief in the divine being seen as the ultimate source of truth. Faith and reason were intricately linked, with the pursuit of knowledge often seen as a means of gaining a deeper understanding of the divine.

In contrast, the Modernity witnessed a significant shift towards an anthropocentric society, where human beings were seen as the focal point of existence. The rise of humanism and the Enlightenment led to a greater emphasis on individual autonomy and rationality, challenging the authority of the Church and paving the way for a more secular approach to knowledge and morality. The relationship between faith and reason became increasingly strained, with the Enlightenment thinkers advocating for a more empirical and scientific approach to truth.

The Middle Ages saw a blending of faith and reason, with the two being seen as complementary aspects of the search for truth. The medieval thinkers believed that through the study of the natural world and the divine scriptures, one could attain a greater understanding of God and His creation. However, in the Modernity, the rift between faith and reason widened, with many intellectuals questioning the validity of religious beliefs in the face of scientific advancements.

In terms of knowledge and ethics, the Middle Ages placed a strong emphasis on the importance of adherence to moral precepts and religious teachings. The pursuit of knowledge was seen as a means of gaining insights into the divine will and living a virtuous life. In contrast, the Modernity saw a greater emphasis on the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, with a focus on empirical evidence and rational inquiry. Ethics became more based on humanistic principles and the idea of individual rights and freedoms.

The criterion of truth also underwent a transformation during this period. In the Middle Ages, truth was often viewed as absolute and unchanging, with the Church serving as the ultimate arbiter of what was considered to be true. However, in the Modernity, truth became more subjective and relative, with an emphasis on the importance of critical thinking and open-mindedness in the pursuit of knowledge.

In conclusion, the differences between the Middle Ages and the Modernity in terms of society, knowledge, faith, and morality reflect the profound shifts that have taken place in the way humans perceive themselves and the world around them. The transition from a teocentric to an anthropocentric society has had far-reaching implications for the way we understand truth, ethics, and the nature of existence. It is only through a deep reflection on these historical developments that we can hope to gain a deeper understanding of ourselves and our place in the world.